1、 Comprehensive layout of mechanical and electrical engineering pipelines

重点关注机电各单位末端管线的排布实施，比如线盒、各类明配管、通风及电气软管、小口径水管及其支、吊架等安装。重点关注区域：设备机房、公共走道、电梯前室等，设备机房内墙体上的箱、盒、开关、插座、管线等应配合隔音降噪层完成面进行敷设，要控制各工序的插入时段。

Focus on the layout and implementation of end pipelines in various mechanical and electrical units, such as the installation of wire boxes, various exposed pipes, ventilation and electrical hoses, small diameter water pipes and their supports and hangers. Key focus areas: equipment rooms, public walkways, elevator front rooms, etc. Boxes, boxes, switches, sockets, pipelines, etc. on the walls of the equipment room should be laid in conjunction with the completion surface of the sound insulation and noise reduction layer, and the insertion time period of each process should be controlled.

管线排布整齐有序、间距保持合理。管线敷设随结构过渡流畅。管线油漆均匀光亮，标识明确。

The pipeline layout is neat and orderly, and the spacing is maintained reasonably. The pipeline laying transitions smoothly with the structure. The pipeline paint is uniform and bright, with clear markings.

吊顶及管廊内的管线综合排布是机电安装的难点，这些地方的标高及空间有限，管线排布容易冲突。在布局时要同时考虑施工空间、设备安装空间及日后的检查维修空间（关注检修口、检修马道的设置）。

The comprehensive layout of pipelines in suspended ceilings and pipe galleries is a difficulty in mechanical and electrical installation. The elevation and space in these areas are limited, and the layout of pipelines is prone to conflicts. When laying out, it is necessary to simultaneously consider the construction space, equipment installation space, and future inspection and maintenance space (pay attention to the setting of maintenance doors and maintenance tracks).

二、 支、吊架施工工艺

2、 Construction process of supports and hangers

工艺要点：

Key points of the process:

① 应保证支、吊架与管线安装牢固可靠，成排管道安装应在同一个支架上，支、吊架排列美观整齐，刷漆鲜亮。

① It should be ensured that the installation of supports, hangers, and pipelines is firm and reliable. Rows of pipelines should be installed on the same bracket, and the supports and hangers should be arranged neatly and aesthetically, with bright paint.

② 支架倒角打磨处理，倒角光滑。

② The bracket is chamfered and polished to ensure smooth chamfering.

③ 管线间距合理，并留出保温距离。

③ The distance between pipelines should be reasonable and insulation distance should be reserved.

④ 保温管道支、吊架采用木托作为隔冷、隔热的系统U型卡子应采用扁钢制作。扁钢宽度应与木托一致，U型卡子应与木托严密贴合。

④ The insulation pipeline supports and hangers should be made of flat steel using wooden brackets as the U-shaped clamps for the cooling and insulation system. The width of the flat steel should be consistent with the wooden support, and the U-shaped clip should tightly fit the wooden support.

⑤ 型钢大小选用合理，采用开孔器开孔，严禁气焊开孔。螺栓下口统一外露2-3丝，不超过丝杆直径的1/2。

⑤ The size of the section steel should be selected reasonably, and a hole opener should be used for opening. Gas welding is strictly prohibited for opening. The lower end of the bolt is uniformly exposed for 2-3 threads, not exceeding 1/2 of the diameter of the screw rod.

⑥ 管线集中处、转弯处、分支处、大口径阀门及配件两端应增设支、吊架进行承托，支、吊架间距应符合规范要求。

⑥ Supports and hangers should be added at the concentration, turns, branches, and both ends of large-diameter valves and accessories of pipelines for support, and the spacing between supports and hangers should meet the specification requirements.

三、电缆桥架施工工艺

3、 Construction process of cable tray

工艺要点：

Key points of the process:

① 应使用成品配件。供货商无明确配件尺寸或尺寸数据不足，按此标准规格执行。

① Finished accessories should be used. The supplier does not specify the size of the accessories or the size data is insufficient. Please follow this standard specification.

② 桥架翻弯时，若很大电缆直径小于70mm，桥架翻弯角度不大于30度，电缆很大直径小于等于50时，翻弯角度不大于45度。

② When the bridge is bent, if the diameter of the large cable is less than 70mm, the bending angle of the bridge should not exceed 30 degrees. When the diameter of the large cable is less than or equal to 50, the bending angle should not exceed 45 degrees.

③ 为保证大截面电缆在小桥架中敷设时，满足电缆弯曲半径要求，L应满足L≥10D-W/2。

③ To ensure that the cable bending radius requirement is met when laying large cross-section cables in small bridges, L should meet L ≥ 10D-W/2.

④ 金属电缆桥架水平敷设时距地高度一般不宜低于2.5M，垂直敷设时距地1.8m时应加金属盖板保护（配电室、电井、技术层专用场所除外）。

④ When laying metal cable trays horizontally, the height from the ground should generally not be less than 2.5M. When laying vertically, a metal cover plate should be added to protect them when they are 1.8m above the ground (except for distribution rooms, electrical wells, and technical floor dedicated areas).

⑤ 直线段钢制电缆架长度超过30m、铝合金或玻璃钢制电缆桥架长度超过15m设有伸缩节；电缆桥架跨越建筑物变形缝处设置补偿装置。

⑤ A straight section steel cable rack with a length exceeding 30m, and an aluminum alloy or fiberglass cable tray with a length exceeding 15m are equipped with expansion joints; Install compensation devices at the deformation joints where the cable tray crosses the building.

⑥ 当设计无要求时，水平支架安装间距1.5—3m，垂直安装的支架间距不大于2m，保持间距均匀，在进出按线盒、箱、柜、转角、转弯、变形缝两端及丁字接头的三端,调高调低接头间0.5M设置一个支架。

⑥ When there are no design requirements, the installation spacing of horizontal brackets is 1.5-3m, and the spacing of vertically installed brackets is not more than 2m. Maintain a uniform spacing, and set a bracket at 0.5m between the inlet and outlet of the junction box, box, cabinet, corner, turning, deformation joint ends, and the three ends of the T-joint.

⑦ 桥架与支架间螺栓、桥架连接板螺栓固定紧固无遗漏，螺母位于桥架外侧；当铝合金桥架与钢支架固定时，有相互间绝缘的防电化腐蚀措施。

⑦ The bolts between the bridge and the bracket, as well as the bolts on the bridge connecting plate, are fixed firmly without any omissions, and the nuts are located on the outer side of the bridge; When the aluminum alloy bridge is fixed to the steel bracket, there are insulation measures to prevent electrochemical corrosion between them.

⑧ 电缆桥架敷设在易燃易爆气体管道和热力管道的下方，当设计无要求时，与管道的很小净距，应符合规定。

⑧ The cable tray is laid below flammable and explosive gas pipelines and thermal pipelines. When there are no design requirements, the clear distance from the pipeline should be very small and comply with regulations.

⑨ 电缆配线时，桥架、线槽、管子的弯曲半径不应小于电缆很小弯曲半径。

⑨ When wiring cables, the bending radius of cable trays, trunking, and pipes should not be less than the very small bending radius of the cable.

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